I-Lithium niobate crystal iyinto enhle kakhulu ye-piezoelectric eneizici ezilandelayo:izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-Curie, izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-coefficient yomphumela we-piezoelectric, i-coefficient ephezulu ye-electromechanical coupling, ukulahlekelwa kwe-dielectric okuphansi, izakhiwo ezinzile ngokomzimba namakhemikhali, ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula, futhi kulula ukulungiselela ubukhulu obukhulu kanye nekristalu yekhwalithi ephezulu.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-piezoelectric crystal quartz evame ukusetshenziswa,LNikristaluine ephakemeisivinini somsindookweukulungiswa kwezingxenye zemvamisa ephezulu, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswaukwenzai-resonator, i-transducer, ulayini wokulibaziseka, isihlungi, njll.. ezinesicelo esithandwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlala umphakathiezokuxhumana ngeselula, ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi, ukucutshungulwa kwesignali yedijithali, i-TV, umsakazo, i-radar, inzwa yerimothi,nezindawo zempi zikagesiIzinyathelo zokulwa, i-fuze, isiqondiso,njll..

Okuningi kakhuluukusetshenziswa kwe-LN crystalisihlungi se-surface acoustic wave (SAWF).Kusukela ngawo-1970,i-midfrequency SAWF eyenziwe nge-LNI-crystal isetshenziswe kakhulu kumasethi we-TV enemibala, amafoni angenazintambo, izilawuli ezikude zika-elekthronikhi, njll. Ngo-2010, ngokusetshenziswa kwama-chips ahlanganisiwe weshuni ye-silicon, izihlungi ze-IF surface wave kumasethi we-TV ziye zahoxiswa emakethe.Skusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980s, ukuxhumana kweselula kushintshile kusuka ku-2G kuya ku-5G, futhi itheminali yeselula kufanele ihambisane nokubuyela emuva,lezi zaletha aukwanda kwesidingoSAWF. Uma eisidingo se-frequency bandsizihlungi ezimbili, ifoni ngayinyeintandobadinga ngaphezu kwekhuluSAWF. Mokunye kweI-SAWF yenziwe nge-LN ori-lithium tantaliamakristalu. I-LN crystal idume kakhulu kumadivayisi e-SAWF ngeisinxephezelo sokushisadesign (TCSAW).

Ngezicelo ze-piezoelectric, ukwakheka kweLNI-crystal inethonya elikhulu kusivinini somsindo, futhi ububanzi bayo bokuguquguquka budinga ukulawulwa ngokuqinile. Bngoba izinga lokushisa le-Curie lizwela kakhulu ekubunjweni kwekristalu, ngakho-keitivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ukungaguquguquki kokwakheka kwekristalu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, isizinda esisodwa se-crystal sizothinta ngokuqondileyayoizakhiwo ze-piezoelectric.Tngakho-ke,ukhiyeubuchwephesheUkucaciswa kwe-ical kwamakristalu e-LN asetshenziswe ku-pamadivaysi e-iezoelectric afakaeizinga lokushisa le-Curie,izizinda ze-monopole,kanye nezinhlayiya ezihlakazayo zangaphakathi,njll. Ku-crystal, lezoigagasi lomshinis enobude begagasi ende abazwelani nayoamaphutha e-latticeokuyikhona esikalinikuncane kakhulu kunobude begagasi. Amakristalu e-LN ahlangabezana nemfunekoi-piezoelectricisicelo kukhonaebizwa ngokuthi “i-acousticIbanga LNikristalu”.

Isiqondiso sokusika sebanga le-acousticLNikristalu ihlobeneyayoisicelo esithile.Ukusika kwe-Y-axisLNI-crystal ine-coefficient ephezulu yokuhlanganisa i-electromechanical, kodwainokuncaneisicelo ngenxa yesasasa elidlulele lamagagasi omamukeli.I-<1014> ikristalu yokusika ine-excitation yegagasi lomzimba elincane futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi(I-TCSAW ingesinye sezibonelo). Ku-orientation ye<1014>, Y-i-eksisiiyazungezangokuphambene newashi 127.86°around the X-i-eksisi.Lawa makristalu e-LNngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi 128°YLNikristalu.Ngaphezu kwalokho,LNikristalus nge-cutting angle64°Y kanye no-41°Ykukhonaifaneleka kakhulu ukulungiselela imikhiqizo yemvamisa ephezulu.Okwamanje,usayizi wei-piezoelectricIkristalu ye-LNifinyelele amayintshi angu-6.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Lewis ubike ithonya lomphumela we-pyroelectric weLNI-crystal ekulungiseleleni amadivaysi e-surface acoustic wave ngo-1982, futhi yathola ukuthi umphumela we-pyroelectricLNI-crystal iholela ekubhujisweni kwe-electrode ne-crystal, engacindezelwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yokumelana okuphezulu kwe-electrode ye-short-circuit metal.Ngo-1998, u-Standifer et al.yamukela indlela yokwelapha ukuncishiswa kwamakhemikhali ukwandisa ukumuncwa ukukhanyaLNikristalu izikhathi ezingu-1000, yenza ngcono ikhwalithi yokuchayeka yemigqa emincane necolekileyo ngesikhathi se-photolithography, futhi ikhulise ikristalu'sconductivity ezingaphezu kuka1×10⁵ izikhathi.Le ndlelazibambesukulimala kwe-electrode yomunwe wesiphambanosokubangelwa umphumela we-pyroelectric ohlelweni lokwelapha ukushisaiAmadivayisi we-surface acoustic wave.ILNisicwecwana esilungiswe ngale ndlela sibizwa ngokuthi “umnyama LN”okuyintoisetshenziswe kabanzi kuSAWF.

Amakristalu e-LN asezingeni eliphakeme akhiqizwa endlini ye-WISOPTIC (www.wiseptic.com)